Presented at: an International seminar on economic, culture, and environment (ISECE 2010), the UNiversity of mataram, 11 November 2010
Marine natural tourism park of Gili Matra (MNTP-GM), now recognized as National Marine Protected Area (NMPA) of Gili Air, Gili Meno, and Gili Terawangan in Northern Lombok is one of the world richest coral reefs resources, and the world most popular tourism destination. Due to very high economic interests of local community in using some resources (mainly e.g. fish and coral mining), in the last few decades, the environmental state of the area has deteriorated significantly. Up to now, the environmental governance of the area mainly relies on the roe of authorities (both central and local governments) by promoting some kinds of policy interventions. Command control approach through the enforcement of environmental laws and regulations has been practiced together with encouraging the involvement of local communities in safeguard and conservation activities. The government through Central Agency for Natural Resource Conservation (BKSDA) of West Nusa Tenggara Province has executed some relevant activities such as patrol, extension, financial assistance to fishermen, as well as encouraging local community participation in the environmental conservation and rehabilitation programs. Local and community entities that have been heavily involving in the efforts are Security Unit of Gili (SATGAS GILI), and The Gili Eco Trust (GET). The existence of GET, especially, has played pivotal roles in conservation projects by establishing Biorock Trust Fund and Fishing Agreement. However, those efforts have not been effetive in conserving and protecting the environmental of the area optimally. It is suggested to introduce another policy choice of establishing an environmental entry fee (economic instrument) and appropriate institutional arrangement for sustainable marine resource and environmental conservation management of the area.
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